The Association between Short-Term Exposure to PM1 and Daily Hospital Admission and Related Expenditures in Beijing

Author:

Xu Jingwen1,Chen Yan2,Lu Feng3,Chen Lili4,Dong Zhaomin5

Affiliation:

1. School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK

2. Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China

3. Beijing Municipal Health Big Data and Policy Research Center, Beijing 100034, China

4. School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China

5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Abstract

Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution is a leading environmental health threat worldwide. PM with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 μm, also known as PM1, has been implicated in the morbidity and mortality of several cardiorespiratory and cerebrovascular diseases. However, previous studies have mostly focused on analyzing fine PM (PM2.5) associated with disease metrics, such as emergency department visits and mortality, rather than ultrafine PM, including PM1. This study aimed to evaluate the association between short-term PM1 exposure and hospital admissions (HAs) for all-cause diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and respiratory infections (RIs), as well as the associated expenditures, using Beijing as a case study. Here, based on air pollution and hospital admission data in Beijing from 2015 to 2017, we performed a time-series analysis and meta-analysis. It was found that a 10 μg/m3 increase in the PM1 concentration significantly increased all-cause disease HAs by 0.07% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): [0, 0.14%]) in Beijing between 2015 and 2017, while the COPD and RI-related HAs were not significantly associated with short-term PM1 exposure. Meanwhile, we estimated the attributable number of HAs and hospital expenditures related to all-cause diseases. This study revealed that an average of 6644 (95% CI: [351, 12,917]) cases of HAs were attributable to ambient PM1, which was estimated to be associated with a 106 million CNY increase in hospital expenditure annually (95% CI: [5.6, 207]), accounting for 0.32% (95% CI: [0.02, 0.62%]) of the annual total expenses. The findings reported here highlight the underlying impact of ambient PM pollution on health risks and economic burden to society and indicate the need for further policy actions on public health.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Global Environment Facility

Publisher

MDPI AG

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