Differences in Water Consumption and Yield Characteristics among Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties under Different Irrigation Systems

Abstract

To discuss the water consumption patterns of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the difference in yield traits among varieties under different irrigation systems, three field water treatments were established (jointing water, W1, CK; jointing water + flowering water, W2; and rising water + booting water + filling water, W3). Two winter wheat varieties (Hengmai4399 and Hengguan35) were selected in 2020–2021, and three (Hengmai4399, Hengguan35, and Hengmai28) were selected in 2021–2022 to investigate the impact of the irrigation amount on water consumption and its interaction with the varieties on yield traits of winter wheat. The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between soil water consumption and soil moisture reserve presowing; the correlation was the strongest in the 150–200 cm layer. The response of the yield of the three varieties to irrigation was Hengmai4399 > Hengmai28 > Hengguan35, and the drought resistance was Hengguan35 > Hengmai28 > Hengmai4399. When the soil water storage presowing was insufficient, Hengmai4399 combined with the W3 treatment achieved the highest yield and water use efficiency; when the soil water storage presowing was sufficient, Hengmai28 combined with the W2 treatment achieved a high-level yield and the highest WUE.