Temporal Variations in Convergence Insufficiency Symptomatic Status among University Students before and after COVID-19: A Longitudinal Analysis from 2018 to 2023

Author:

Pena-Verdeal Hugo12ORCID,Noya-Padin Veronica12ORCID,Garcia-Queiruga Jacobo12ORCID,Nores-Palmas Noelia1,Giraldez Maria J.12ORCID,Yebra-Pimentel Eva12

Affiliation:

1. Applied Physics Department (Optometry Area), Facultade de Óptica e Optometría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

2. Optometry Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the symptomatic status of Convergence Insufficiency (CI) in university students from 2018 to 2023 considering the educational environment pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic confinements. A Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) was conducted annually from 2018 to 2023, excluding 2020, in an initial group of 217 third-year Optics and Optometry degree university student participants. In the final group (178 participants), the statistical differences in CISS scores between years were analysed, both overall and by questionnaire subgroup, along with associations between CISS diagnostic categories before and after 2020. Significant differences were found between years in the subscale and total score analyses (Kruskal–Wallis, both p ≤ 0.049). Pairwise comparisons showed significant differences for the performance subgroup in 2021 vs. 2019 and 2018 (Mann–Whitney, both p ≤ 0.004), while in terms of the total score, there was a statistical difference in 2021 vs. 2018 (Mann–Whitney, p < 0.001). The distribution analysis indicated a significant difference between groups (Chi, p = 0.004), with participants from 2021 or later more likely to exhibit higher CISS scores (OR = 3.47, 95%CI 1.04–8.58). The present study shows significant temporal increments in symptomatic status related to CI among university students from 2018 to 2023, indicating a potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic educational landscape on these outcomes.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference36 articles.

1. Binocular and Accommodative Characteristics in a Normal Population;Yekta;Strabismus,2017

2. Wilkins, L.W. (2017). Clinical Management of Binocular Vision: Heterophoric, Accommodative, and Eye Movement Disorders, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW). [4th ed.].

3. The relationship between convergence insufficiency and ADHD;Granet;Strabismus,2005

4. Accommodation insufficiency in children: Are exercises better than reading glasses?;Brautaset;Strabismus,2008

5. Treatment of accommodative dysfunction in children: Results from a randomized clinical trial;Scheiman;Optom. Vis. Sci.,2011

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3