Abstract
Pipette tip solid-phase extraction facilitates the handling of low-volume samples and organic solvents in order to achieve more environmentally friendly pre-treatment sample techniques. The use of pipette tip extraction was examined for the quick and simple determination of a heterogeneous group of 40 drugs of abuse and some of their metabolites in urine by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Several parameters were studied and optimized, including those which can affect extraction efficiencies, such as the amount of sorbent and the volumes and number of aspirating/dispensing cycles of the sample and organic solvents. The linear range of this method was between the quantification limit and 75 or 100 ng mL−1. Detection limits between 0.025 and 0.500 ng mL−1 and quantification limits from 0.100 to 1.500 ng mL−1 were achieved, which are adequate to determine the studied compounds in urine from drug users. Finally, in order to prove its suitability in toxicological and forensic analyses, the method was successfully applied to 22 urine specimens from women who were starting a detoxification program. Cocaine was the most frequently detected substance, as its presence or the presence of its main metabolite was found in 86% of the analyzed samples.
Funder
Iniciativa d’Ocupació Juvenil
European Regional Development Fund
Subject
Filtration and Separation,Analytical Chemistry
Reference39 articles.
1. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes World Drug Report 2021. Global Overview: Drug Demand; Drug Supply. ISBN 9789211483611
https://www.unodc.org/res/wdr2021/field/WDR21_Booklet_2.pdf
2. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes World Drug Report 2021. Drug Market Trends: Cocaine; Amphetamine-Type Substances. ISBN 9789211483611
https://www.unodc.org/res/wdr2021/field/WDR21_Booklet_4.pdf
3. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime World Drug Report 2021. Drug Market Trends: Cannabis. Opioids
https://www.unodc.org/res/wdr2021/field/WDR21_Booklet_3.pdf
4. Analysis of Drugs of Abuse in Biological Specimens
5. Forensic Toxicology: Biological Sampling and use of Different Analytical Techniques
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献