Crucial Development Technologies for Volcanic Hydrocarbon Reservoirs: Lessons Learned from Asian Operations

Author:

Liu Songxia1ORCID,Zhang Yaoyuan2,Wu Qilin1,Ayers Walter B.3,Wang Yanquan45,Ott William K.6

Affiliation:

1. School of Petroleum Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525011, China

2. CNOOC EnerTech-Drilling & Production Co. Zhangjiang Branch, Zhanjiang 524057, China

3. Petroleum Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

4. Jiangmen Industrial Development Research Institute, Jiangmen 529050, China

5. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China

6. Well Completion Technology, Houston, TX 77095, USA

Abstract

Oil and gas reservoirs in volcanic rocks are a particular type of unconventional reservoir and present unique challenges for exploration and production engineers. To help the oil industry understand volcanic reservoirs and solutions to complex development problems, we reviewed their key engineering technologies as well as their geological characteristics. The distinctive geological characteristics of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs are strong heterogeneity, low porosity and permeability, complex fracture systems, etc. The volcanic reservoir rock types in order of hydrocarbon abundance are basalt (38.5%), andesite (15.9%), volcaniclastic (12.1%), and rhyolite (11.5%). The porosity ranges from 0.1 to 70%, and permeability ranges from 0.0007 to 762 md. In some commercially developed volcanic reservoirs of China, the average porosity is 7.7–13%; the average permeability is 0.41–3.4 md. Engineers have applied a variety of adapted technologies to produce volcanic reservoir economically. Horizontal wells can increase production and reserves by 4–6 times those of vertical wells, and longer wells are preferred. Specialized hydraulic fracturing techniques are suggested, including small or mixed proppant size, second HF treatment after proppant slugging, high-viscosity frac fluid with high-temperature resistance, special fluid loss reducer, high pump pressure, Extreme Overbalance Perforating, limited-entry fracturing, matrix acidizing, etc. Water control measures include producing below critical rates, partial perforation or penetration, controlling hydraulic fracture height, using horizontal wells, implementing complete cementing job, etc. Well productivity evaluation should be conducted to understand well performance and appropriately allocate production rates among wells, using the modified AOF method and other productivity prediction models considering breakdown fracture gradient, gas slippage effect, non-Darcy effect, etc. Well sites need to be selected based on recognizing profitable lithologies, lithofacies, high porosity and permeability, relatively developed fracture systems, thick net pay zones, etc. The critical questions for the industry are how to enhance volcanic reservoir recovery with more efficient and economic hydraulic fracturing and water control techniques. This is one of the first papers systematically summarizing the engineering technologies and unique solutions to develop volcanic reservoirs. Further and more complete reviews can be carried out in the future, and more novel and effective techniques can be explored and tested in the field.

Funder

State Key Laboratory Of 0il And Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation

Innovation Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province of China

Projects of Talents Recruitment of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering

Reference65 articles.

1. Hydrocarbon occurrence and exploration in and around igneous rocks;Schutter;Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ.,2003

2. Volcanic reservoirs: Historic and current context;Ade;Pesqui. Em Geociências,2021

3. Geological features and evaluation techniques of deep-seated volcanics gas reservoirs, Songliao Basin;Zhao;Pet. Explor. Dev.,2008

4. Hydrocarbons in igneous rock of Brazil: A review;Ren;Pet. Res.,2020

5. Oil and gas production from basement reservoirs: Examples from Indonesia, USA and Venezuela;Koning;Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ.,2003

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3