CRISPR/Cas9 Landscape: Current State and Future Perspectives

Author:

Tyumentseva Marina1,Tyumentsev Aleksandr1ORCID,Akimkin Vasiliy1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia

Abstract

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 is a unique genome editing tool that can be easily used in a wide range of applications, including functional genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, biotechnology, plant engineering, livestock breeding, gene therapy, diagnostics, and so on. This review is focused on the current CRISPR/Cas9 landscape, e.g., on Cas9 variants with improved properties, on Cas9-derived and fusion proteins, on Cas9 delivery methods, on pre-existing immunity against CRISPR/Cas9 proteins, anti-CRISPR proteins, and their possible roles in CRISPR/Cas9 function improvement. Moreover, this review presents a detailed outline of CRISPR/Cas9-based diagnostics and therapeutic approaches. Finally, the review addresses the future expansion of genome editors’ toolbox with Cas9 orthologs and other CRISPR/Cas proteins.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

Reference381 articles.

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