Some Structural Elements of Bacterial Protein MF3 That Influence Its Ability to Induce Plant Resistance to Fungi, Viruses, and Other Plant Pathogens

Abstract

The ability of the MF3 protein from Pseudomonas fluorescens to protect plants by inducing their resistance to pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses is well confirmed both in greenhouses and in the field; however, the molecular basis of this phenomenon remains unexplored. To find a relationship between the primary (and spatial) structure of the protein and its target activity, we analyzed the inducing activity of a set of mutants generated by alanine scanning and an alpha-helix deletion (ahD) in the part of the MF3 molecule previously identified by our group as a 29-amino-acid peptide working as the inducer on its own. Testing the mutants’ inducing activity using the “tobacco–tobacco mosaic virus” pathosystem revealed that some of them showed an almost threefold (V60A and V62A) or twofold (G51A, L58A, ahD) reduction in inducing activity compared to the wild-type MF3 type. Interestingly, these mutations demonstrated close proximity in the homology model, probably contributing to MF3 reception in a host plant.