Phase II, Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Investigating the Efficacy of Mebendazole in the Management of Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Author:

El-Tanani Mohamed12ORCID,Ahmed Khaled Abdul-Aziz13,Shakya Ashok K.1ORCID,Ammari Wesam G.1ORCID,Al-Shudifat Abdel-Elah4

Affiliation:

1. Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre (PDRC), Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan

2. Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK

3. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan

4. Department of Internal and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan

Abstract

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has spread throughout the world, affecting almost all nations and territories. The current double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial sought to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of mebendazole as an adjuvant therapy for outpatients with COVID-19. The patients were recruited and divided into two groups: a Mebendazole-treated group and placebo group. The mebendazole and placebo groups were matched for age, sex, and complete blood count (CBC) with differential and liver and kidney function tests at baseline. On the third day, the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were lower (2.03 ± 1.45 vs. 5.45 ± 3.95, p < 0.001) and the cycle threshold (CT) levels were higher (27.21 ± 3.81 vs. 24.40 ± 3.09, p = 0.046) significantly in the mebendazole group than in the placebo group on the third day. Furthermore, CRP decreased and CT dramatically increased on day three compared to the baseline day in the mebendazole group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). There was a significant inverse correlation between lymphocytes and CT levels in the mebendazole group (r = −0.491, p = 0.039) but not in the placebo group (r = 0.051, p = 0.888). Mebendazole therapy increased innate immunity and returned inflammation to normal levels in COVID-19 outpatients faster than it did in the placebo group in this clinical trial. Our findings add to the growing body of research on the clinical and microbiological benefits of repurposing antiparasitic therapy, specifically mebendazole, for SARS-CoV-2 infection and other viral infections.

Funder

Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Jordan

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science,Molecular Medicine

Reference58 articles.

1. COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention;Chakraborty;Sci. Total Environ.,2020

2. WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic;Domenico;Acta Biomed.,2020

3. Worldometer (2022, May 10). COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. Available online: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/.

4. Worldometer (2022, May 25). CWG.Coronavirus Worldwide Graphs. Available online: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/worldwide-graphs/#total-deaths.

5. World Health Organization (2022, May 11). Jordan: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard with Vaccination Data. Available online: https://covid19.who.int/region/emro/country/jo.

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