Beta Diversity Patterns and Determinants among Vertical Layers of Tropical Seasonal Rainforest in Karst Peak-Cluster Depressions

Author:

Hu Gang12ORCID,Pang Qingling1,Hu Cong12,Xu Chaohao12,Zhang Zhonghua12,Zhong Chaofang1

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Wildlife Evolution and Conservation in Mountain Ecosystem of Guangxi, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530100, China

2. Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Chongzuo 532499, China

Abstract

Karst peak-cluster depressions in tropical China are characterized by high habitat heterogeneity, supporting complex seasonal rainforest communities, and harboring a rich abundance of endemic and endangered plants. However, for these rainforests, species and phylogenetic beta diversity and their limiting factors are poorly understood. In this study, the relationships between the beta diversity of three vertical layers (herb, shrub, and tree), environmental factors, and physical distance in China’s tropical karst seasonal rainforest were studied. The results showed that each layer exhibited high species and beta diversity, with species turnover being the dominant contributing factor. Environmental filtering and dispersal limitations were significant drivers of community assembly. Environmental filtering exerted a strong influence, with slope position, soil availability of phosphorus and potassium, pH, and organic matter being the key factors. These findings elucidate seasonal rainforest species and beta diversity spatial patterns within karst peak-cluster depressions, providing a foundation for developing karst ecosystem forest management and vegetation restoration measures.

Funder

Guangxi Natural Science Foundatio

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Scientific Research Capacity Building Project for Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi

Publisher

MDPI AG

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