Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Resistance against Colistin in Multi-Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from a Tertiary Hospital

Author:

Galindo-Méndez Mario12,Navarrete-Salazar Humberto2ORCID,Pacheco-Vásquez Reinaldo3ORCID,Quintas-de la Paz Devanhí2,Baltazar-Jiménez Isabel2ORCID,Santiago-Luna José David2ORCID,Guadarrama-Monroy Laura3

Affiliation:

1. Laboratorios Galindo SC, Av Juárez 501-A, Col Centro, Oaxaca 68000, Oax, Mexico

2. School of Medicine, Universidad Anáhuac Oaxaca, Blvd. Guadalupe Hinojosa de Murat 1100, San Raymundo Jalpam 71248, Oax, Mexico

3. Centro Médico ISSEMYM Toluca, Av. Baja Velocidad KM. 57.5, Carr. Mex./Tol. Col. San Jeronimo Chicahualco, Metepec 52170, Edomex, Mexico

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes among colistin and multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli strains isolated from patients in a tertiary hospital in Toluca, Mexico. The presence of mcr genes among the 241 strains collected was assessed by PCR. In the case of mcr-carrying E. coli, further PCR tests were performed to determine the presence of blaCTX-M and whether the strains belonged to the O25b-ST131 clone. Conjugation experiments were also carried out to assess the horizontal transmission of colistin resistance. A total of twelve strains (5.0%), of which four were E. coli; four were P. aeruginosa; three were K. pneumoniae, and one E. cloacae, were found to be resistant to colistin. Of these strains, two E. coli isolates were found to carry mcr-1, and Southern blot hybridization demonstrated its presence on an approximately 60 kb plasmid. Both mcr-1-carrying E. coli strains were found to co-express blaCTX-M, belong to the O25b-ST131 clone, and horizontally transmit their colistin resistance. The results of this study confirm the presence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in hospitalized patients in Mexico and demonstrated that the multi-drug-resistant O25b-ST131 E. coli clone can acquire mcr genes and transmit such resistance traits to other bacteria.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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