Could the Microbiota Be a Predictive Factor for the Clinical Response to Probiotic Supplementation in IBS-D? A Cohort Study

Author:

Marchix Justine1,Quénéhervé Lucille12ORCID,Bordron Philippe1,Aubert Philippe1,Durand Tony1,Oullier Thibauld1,Blondeau Claude3,Ait Abdellah Samira3ORCID,Bruley des Varannes Stanislas14,Chaffron Samuel5,Coron Emmanuel146,Neunlist Michel1

Affiliation:

1. Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases, IMAD, F-44000 Nantes, France

2. Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Brest, 29200 Brest, France

3. PiLeJe Laboratoire, 31-35 rue de la Fédération, 75015 Paris, France

4. Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Département de Gastroentérologie, CIC 1413, IMAD, F-44000 Nantes, France

5. Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes, CNRS, LS2N, UMR 6004, F-44000 Nantes, France

6. Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence suggests the beneficial effects of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about how they can impact the gut microbiota. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of a multistrain probiotic on IBS symptoms, gut permeability and gut microbiota in patients with diarrhoea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). Methods: Adults with IBS-D were enrolled in an open-label trial to receive a multistrain probiotic for 4 weeks. Abdominal pain, stool frequency, quality of life, gut permeability, and the luminal and adherent microbiota from colonic biopsies were evaluated before and after supplementation. Results: Probiotics significantly improved symptoms and quality of life, despite having no impact on permeability in the global population. In the population stratified by the response, the diarrhoea responders displayed reduced colonic permeability after supplementation. The luminal and adherent microbiota were specifically altered depending on the patients’ clinical responses regarding pain and diarrhoea. Interestingly, we identified a microbial signature in IBS-D patients that could predict a response or lack of response to supplementation. Conclusions: The multistrain probiotic improved the symptoms of IBS-D patients and induced distinct effects on the gut microbiota according to the patient’s clinical response and initial microbiota composition. Our study further supports the need to develop individualised probiotic-based approaches regarding IBS.

Funder

PiLeJe Laboratoire and supported in part by the Région Pays de la Loire

ANR Microbiautism

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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