Abstract
Since 2012, the kiwifruit vine decline syndrome (KVDS) has progressively compromised Italian kiwifruit orchards. Different abiotic and biotic factors have been associated with the establishment and development of KVDS. During monitoring of orchards affected by KVDS in north-western Italy during 2016–2019, 71 Phytopythium spp. were isolated. Based on maximum likelihood concatenated phylogeny on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA, large subunit rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase I, isolates were identified as P. vexans (52), P. litorale (10), P. chamaehyphon (7) and P. helicoides (2). Phytopythium litorale and P. helicoides are reported for the first time as agents of KVDS in Italy. To demonstrate pathogenicity and fulfil Koch’s postulates, representative isolates of P. vexans, P. litorale, P. chamaehyphon and P. helicoides were inoculated in potted plants. In these trials, waterlogging was applied to stress plant with a temporary anoxia and to favour the production of infective zoospores by the oomycetes. In experiments in vitro, the four species showed the highest growth at 25–30 °C, depending on the media used. P. helicoides was able to grow also at 40 °C. The four species were able to grow in vitro at a pH ranging from 5.0 to 8.0, showing that pH had less effect on growth than temperature. The present study suggests a strong role of different species of Phytopythium in the establishment and development of KVDS. Phytopythium spp. could be favoured by the average increase in soil temperatures during summer, associated with global warming.
Subject
Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology
Reference45 articles.
1. Avanza la “moria del kiwi”: Evoluzione e primi riscontri della ricerca;Sorrenti;Riv. Fruttic.,2019
2. La situazione in Italia: Evoluzione varietale sì, ma con tante avversità;Balestra;Riv. Fruttic.,2020
3. Studies on the aetiology of kiwifruit decline: Interaction between soil-borne pathogens and waterlogging;Savian;Plant Soil,2020
4. L’irrigazione per scorrimento nel Veronese: Spreco di acqua e di concimi; effetti sulla porosità del terreno;Xiloyannis;Riv. Fruttic.,1992
5. Vine decline in kiwifruit: Climate change and effect on waterlogging and Phytophthora in north Italy;Tacconi;Acta Hortic.,2015
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献