Current State of Natural Populations of Paeonia anomala (Paeoniaceae) in East Kazakhstan

Author:

Kubentayev Serik A.12ORCID,Khapilina Oxana N.3ORCID,Ishmuratova Margarita Yu.4ORCID,Sarkytbayeva Aisulu K.5,Turzhanova Ainur S.3ORCID,Imanbayeva Akzhunis A.6,Alibekov Daniyar T.12,Zhumagul Moldir Z.125ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Astana Botanical Garden, Orunbur 16, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

2. Department of Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Kabanbai Batyr 8, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

3. National Center for Biotechnology, Qorghalzhyn Hwy 13, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

4. Department of Botany, E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, St. Universitetskaya, 28, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan

5. Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan

6. Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden, Microdistrict 10/2, Aktau 130000, Kazakhstan

Abstract

Paeonia anomala L. is a valuable and sought-after medicinal plant for treating therapeutic pathologies. The natural habitat of P. anomala in the Republic of Kazakhstan is located in the mountainous areas of the East Kazakhstan region. P. anomala is listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan as a rare species with limited distribution. In this regard, we studied a strategy for preserving the biological diversity of P. anomala wild population. In particular, the ecological, phytocenotic, and floristic characteristics of five P. anomala populations in East Kazakhstan were explored. The anatomical, morphological, and genetic variability of the species in various habitats was evaluated. Overall, the condition of the P. anomala population in the study region can be considered satisfactory. The floristic composition of P. anomala plant communities recorded 130 species belonging to 35 families and 101 genera. The northern slopes of mountains and shrub-grass communities with leached chernozem with high contents of N-NO3 and P2O5 appeared to be optimal for P. anomala growth. Asteraceae (13%), Rosaceae (13%), Poaceae (10%), and Ranunculaceae (9%) are the major families of P. anomala flora and plant communities. The Eurasian (54%), Asian (24%), and Holarctic (15%) groups were recognized as dominant in the chronological spectrum. Amplification with iPBS primers resulted in the generation of 505 fragments, 257 of which were polymorphic. Our research results indicate that the genetic differentiation of the Kazakhstan populations is not quite as high and may indicate their long-term existence within one large population. A separate branch is formed by the P5 population, which is located separately from other populations, confirming its genetic isolation. The analysis of genetic diversity iPBS markers suggests the existence of a large, unified P. anomala population in Kazakhstan Altai.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Nature and Landscape Conservation,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous),Ecological Modeling,Ecology

Reference94 articles.

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2. Abdullina, S.A. (1999). List of Vascular Plants of Kazakhstan, Ministry of Science Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan Institute of Botany and Phyto Introduction. (In Russian).

3. Brief review of Kazakhstan flora and use of its wild species;Ryabushkina;Asian Australas. J. Plant Sci. Biotechnol.,2008

4. Interspecific hybridization in the genus Paeonia (Paeoniaceae): Polymorphic sites in transcribed spacers of the 45S rRNA genes as indicators of natural and artificial peony hybrids;Punina;Russ. J. Genet.,2012

5. A new species of the genus Paeonia from China;Dai;Bull. Bot. Res.,1990

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