Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profile of PDCB Gene Family in Zea mays L.

Abstract

The plant kingdom harbors the Plasmodesmata Callose Binding Protein (PDCB) gene family, which plays essential roles in plant growth, development, environmental adaptation, and yield. PDCB genes are closely involved in regulating cell-to-cell communication and controlling callose deposition at plasmodesmata (PD) throughout the whole plant. Remarkably, their functions remain largely unknown in many crops, including maize. This study sought to identify the members of the PDCB gene family within the maize genome and analyze their physicochemical properties and expression patterns. Utilizing bioinformatics methodologies, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the PDCB gene family was performed. The findings revealed that PDCB genes were highly abundant in maize, with a total of 56 PDCB genes identified and categorized into six distinct groups. Members of the PDCB family were dispersed across all chromosomes. The PDCBs within each group exhibited significant similarity in their conserved motifs and gene structures; all members contained the X8 domain, comprising one to five exons, while displaying a straightforward genomic structure. Numerous cis-acting elements associated with plant growth and development, light response, stress-associated responses, and plant hormones were identified in the promoter regions of PDCB genes. Moreover, the PDCBs exhibited diverse expression patterns across various tissues. This study improves the comprehension of the PDCB gene family and provides a robust foundation for further research on maize.