Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Treatments for Osteoarthritis

Author:

Yuan Shunling1,Li Guangfeng2,Zhang Jinbo13ORCID,Chen Xiao4,Su Jiacan567,Zhou Fengjin8

Affiliation:

1. School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

2. Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China

3. Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Rehabilitation Center of Joint Logistics Support Force, Tianjin 300110, China

4. Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

5. Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

6. Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

7. Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

8. Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an 710000, China

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints characterized by cartilage damage and severe pain. Despite various pharmacological and surgical interventions, current therapies fail to halt OA progression, leading to high morbidity and an economic burden. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches that can effectively address the underlying pathophysiology of OA. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a new paradigm in OA treatment. MSC-EVs are small membranous particles released by MSCs during culture, both in vitro and in vivo. They possess regenerative properties and can attenuate inflammation, thereby promoting cartilage healing. Importantly, MSC-EVs have several advantages over MSCs as cell-based therapies, including lower risks of immune reactions and ethical issues. Researchers have recently explored different strategies, such as modifying EVs to enhance their delivery, targeting efficiency, and security, with promising results. This article reviews how MSC-EVs can help treat OA and how they might work. It also briefly discusses the benefits and challenges of using MSC-EVs and talks about the possibility of allogeneic and autologous MSC-EVs for medical use.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

the Shanghai Rising-Star Program

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science

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