On the Homology of the Dominant and Non-Dominant Corticospinal Tracts: A Novel Neurophysiological Assessment

Author:

Pagliara Maria Rita12,Cecconi Federico1,Pasqualetti Patrizio3ORCID,Bertoli Massimo14ORCID,Armonaite Karolina15,Gianni Eugenia16,Grifoni Joy15,L’Abbate Teresa145ORCID,Marinozzi Franco2,Conti Livio57ORCID,Paulon Luca18ORCID,Uncini Antonino4,Zappasodi Filippo4,Tecchio Franca1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. LET’S and LABSS, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy

2. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy

3. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy

4. Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy

5. Uninettuno University, 00186 Rome, Italy

6. Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy

7. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy

8. Engineer Freelance, 00159 Rome, Italy

Abstract

Objectives: The homology of hemispheric cortical areas plays a crucial role in brain functionality. Here, we extend this concept to the homology of the dominant and non-dominant hemi-bodies, investigating the relationship of the two corticospinal tracts (CSTs). The evoked responses provide an estimate of the number of in-phase recruitments via their amplitude as a suitable indicator of the neuronal projections’ integrity. An innovative concept derived from experience in the somatosensory system is that their morphology reflects the recruitment pattern of the whole circuit. Methods: CST homology was assessed via the Fréchet distance between the morphologies of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) using a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the homologous left- and right-hand first dorsal interosseous muscles of 40 healthy volunteers (HVs). We tested the working hypothesis that the inter-side Fréchet distance was higher than the two intra-side distances. Results: In addition to a clear confirmation of the working hypothesis (p < 0.0001 for both hemi-bodies) verified in all single subjects, we observed that the intra-side Fréchet distance was higher for the dominant than the non-dominant one. Interhemispheric morphology similarity increased with right-handedness prevalence (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The newly introduced measure of circuit recruitment patterning represents a potential benchmark for the evaluation of inter-lateral mechanisms expressing the relationship between homologous hemilateral structures subtending learning and suggests that variability in recruitment patterning physiologically increases in circuits expressing greater functionality.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Neuroscience

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