Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based and Interactive Flood Management Tool for Awash and Omo-Gibe Basins, Ethiopia

Abstract

Flood risk management is used to monitor floodwater and mitigate flooding that impacts people, properties and infrastructures, and the environment. This study developed an interactive web-based “flood tool” for Awash and Omo-Gibe basins in Ethiopia to improve the flood monitoring services and facilities. The data used were real-time and seasonal rainfall-runoff forecasts, flood inundations, and other forecast products for the 2021 flood season (June to September) in a case study. Methods used were multiple scripts written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the Visual Studio Code as a coding environment. The coefficient-of-determination (R2) and efficiency (NSE) were used to evaluate the forecast products. The R2 values for selected river stations were the Awash-Hombole (0.79), Mojo (0.64), Awash-7 (0.66), Awash-Adaitu (0.62), Gibe-Tolai (0.78), and Gibe-Abelti (0.70) rivers. The R2 values for Koka and Gibe-3 reservoirs inflows (water levels) forecasts were 0.97 (0.96) and 0.93 (0.99), and the NSE values were 0.89 (0.88) and 0.92 (0.95) for each reservoir, respectively. Besides, the flood inundation extents (km2) from satellite observation and model were compared for the main flood-prone areas and in agreement with very good performance. The flood tool can therefore present early warning forecast products and convey advice to decision-makers to take action for the people at risk.