Charging Scheduling Method for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks Based on Energy Consumption Rate Prediction for Nodes

Abstract

With the development of the IoT, Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) derive more and more application scenarios with diverse performance requirements. In scenarios where the energy consumption rate of sensor nodes changes dynamically, most existing charging scheduling methods are not applicable. The incorrect estimation of node energy requirement may lead to the death of critical nodes, resulting in missing events. To address this issue, we consider both the spatial imbalance and temporal dynamics of the energy consumption of the nodes, and minimize the Event Missing Rate (EMR) as the goal. Firstly, an Energy Consumption Balanced Tree (ECBT) construction method is proposed to prolong the lifetime of each node. Then, we transform the goal into Maximizing the value of the Evaluation function of each node’s Energy Consumption Rate prediction (MEECR). Afterwards, the setting of the evaluation function is explored and the MEECR is further transformed into a variant of the knapsack problem, namely “the alternating backpack problem”, and solved by dynamic programming. After predicting the energy consumption rate of the nodes, a charging scheduling scheme that meets the Dual Constraints of Nodes’ energy requirements and MC’s capability (DCNM) is developed. Simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. Compared to the baselines, the EMR was reduced by an average of 35.2% and 26.9%.