Polymyxin Resistance in Salmonella: Exploring Mutations and Genetic Determinants of Non-Human Isolates
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Published:2024-01-23
Issue:2
Volume:13
Page:110
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ISSN:2079-6382
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Container-title:Antibiotics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Antibiotics
Author:
Vieira Thais1, Dos Santos Carla Adriana1, de Jesus Bertani Amanda Maria1, Costa Gisele Lozano1, Campos Karoline Rodrigues1ORCID, Sacchi Cláudio Tavares1ORCID, Cunha Marcos Paulo Vieira2ORCID, Carvalho Eneas3, da Costa Alef Janguas3ORCID, de Paiva Jacqueline Boldrin4, Rubio Marcela da Silva5ORCID, Camargo Carlos Henrique1ORCID, Tiba-Casas Monique Ribeiro1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil 2. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil 3. Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil 4. R&D Department BioCamp Laboratories, Campinas 13082-020, SP, Brazil 5. School of Agriculture and Veterinarian Sciences, University of the State of São Paulo, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
Abstract
Until 2015, polymyxin resistance was primarily attributed to chromosomal mutations. However, with the first report of mobile colistin resistance (mcr-1) in commensal Escherichia coli from food animals in China, the landscape has changed. To evaluate the presence of polymyxin resistance in Salmonella spp., a drop screening test for colistin and polymyxin B was carried out on 1156 isolates of non-human origin (animals, food, and the environment), received in Brazil, between 2016 and 2021. Subsequently, 210 isolates with resistant results in the drop test were subjected to the gold-standard test (broth microdilution) for both colistin and polymyxin B. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 102 resistant isolates was performed for a comprehensive analysis of associated genes. Surprisingly, none of the isolates resistant to colistin in the drop test harbored any of the mcr variants (mcr-1 to mcr-10). WGS identified that the most common mutations were found in pmrA (n= 22; T89S) and pmrB (n = 24; M15T, G73S, V74I, I83A, A111V). Other resistance determinants were also detected, such as the aac(6′)-Iaa gene in 72 isolates, while others carried beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM-1 blaCTX-M-2, blaCMY-2). Additionally, genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance (qnrB19, qnrS1, oqxA/B) were detected in 11 isolates. Colistin and polymyxin B resistance were identified among Salmonella from non-human sources, but not associated with the mcr genes. Furthermore, the already-described mutations associated with polymyxin resistance were detected in only a small number of isolates, underscoring the need to explore and characterize unknown genes that contribute to resistance.
Funder
São Paulo Research Foundation Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico FESIMA
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,Biochemistry,Microbiology
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