Analysis of Mining Waste Dump Site Stability Based on Multiple Remote Sensing Technologies

Abstract

The mining waste of open pit mines is usually piled-up in dump sites, making a man-made hill more than tens of meters high. Because of the loose structure of the dump sites, landslides or debris flow may occur after heavy rainfall, threatening local lives and properties. Therefore, dump stability analysis is crucial for ensuring local safety. In this paper, a collaborative stability analysis based on multiple remote sensing technologies was innovatively conducted at the Xudonggou dump of the Anqian iron mine. A small baseline subset (SBAS) analysis was used to derive the spatial and temporal distributions of displacements in the line-of sight (LOS) over the whole study area. The deformation in LOS is translated to the slope direction based on an assumption that displacements only occur parallel to the slope surface. Infrared Thermography (IRT) technology was used to detect weak aquifer layers located at the toe of possible landslide bodies. Then, numerical simulations based on the limit equilibrium method were conducted to calculate the factor of safety for three profiles located on the dump site. The results, emerging from multiple remote sensing technologies, were very consistent and, eventually, the landslide hazard zone of the Xudonggou dump site was outlined.