Diazonium Gold Salts as Novel Surface Modifiers: What Have We Learned So Far?

Abstract

The challenges of diazonium salts stabilization have been overcome by their isolation as metal salts such as tetrachloroaurate(III). The cleavage of molecular nitrogen from diazonium salts even at very low potential or on reducing surfaces by fine tuning the substituents on the phenyl ring expanded their applications as surface modifiers in forensic science, nanomedicine engineering, catalysis and energy. The robustness of the metal–carbon bonding produced from diazonium salts reduction has already opened an era for further applications. The integration of experimental and calculations in this field catalyzed its speedy progress. This review provides a narrative of the progress in this chemistry with stress on our recent contribution, identifies potential applications, and highlights the needs in this emerging field. For these reasons, we hope that this review paper serves as motivation for others to enter this developing field of surface modification originating from diazonium salts.