Callus Type, Growth Regulators, and Phytagel on Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffee (Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia)
Author:
Avila-Victor Consuelo Margarita1, Arjona-Suárez Enrique de Jesús1, Iracheta-Donjuan Leobardo2, Valdez-Carrasco Jorge Manuel1, Gómez-Merino Fernando Carlos1ORCID, Robledo-Paz Alejandrina1
Affiliation:
1. Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco C.P. 56264, Estado de México, Mexico 2. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Rosario Izapa, Carretera Tapachula-Cacahoatán Km. 18, Tuxtla Chico C.P. 30870, Chiapas, Mexico
Abstract
Coffee is a crop of global relevance. Indirect somatic embryogenesis has allowed plants of different coffee genotypes to be massively regenerated. The culture medium composition can affect the calli characteristics that are generated and their ability to form somatic embryos. This research aimed to determine the influence of the type of callus, growth regulators, and phytagel concentration on the embryogenic capacity of the Colombia variety. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5–1.0 mg L−1), benzylaminopurine (BAP, 1.0 mg L−1), and phytagel (2.3–5.0 g L−1). The explants generated two types of calli: friable (beige, soft, watery, easy disintegration, polyhedral parenchyma cells) and compact (white, hard, low water content, difficult disintegration, elongated parenchyma cells). About 68% of the total callus generated was compact; this type of callus produced a greater number of embryos (71.3) than the friable one (29.2). The number of differentiated embryos was significantly affected by the concentration of phytagel; higher concentrations (5.0 g L−1) resulted in larger quantities (73.7). The highest number of embryos (127.47) was obtained by combining 1.0 mg L−1 2,4-D, 1.0 mg L−1 BAP, 5.0 g L−1 phytagel, and compact callus.
Funder
National Council of Science and Technology
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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