Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Strains AbV5 and AbV6 Increases Nutrition, Chlorophyll, and Leaf Yield of Hydroponic Lettuce
Author:
da Silva Oliveira Carlos Eduardo1ORCID, Jalal Arshad1ORCID, Vitória Letícia Schenaide1, Giolo Victoria Moraes1, Oliveira Thaissa Julyanne Soares Sena1, Aguilar Jailson Vieira2, de Camargos Liliane Santos2ORCID, Brambilla Matheus Ribeiro2, Fernandes Guilherme Carlos1ORCID, Vargas Pablo Forlan3ORCID, Zoz Tiago4, Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Plant Protection, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University—UNESP-FEIS, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil 2. Department of Biology and Zootechny, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University—UNESP-FEIS, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil 3. Tropical Root and Starches Center (CERAT), Faculty of Agricultural Science, São Paulo State University—UNESP-FCA, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil 4. Unit of Mundo Novo, Department of Crop Science, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UEMS, Mundo Novo 79980-000, MS, Brazil
Abstract
Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense has promisingly increased plant yield and nutrient acquisition. The study aimed to estimate the dose of A. brasilense that increases yield, gas exchange, nutrition, and foliar nitrate reduction. The research was carried out in a greenhouse at Ilha Solteira, in a hydroponic system in randomized blocks with four replicates. The treatments consisted of doses of inoculation with A. brasilense strains AbV5 and AbV6 via nutrient solution (0, 8, 16, 32, and 64 mL 100 L−1). Inoculation with A. brasilense at calculated doses between 20 and 44 mL provided the highest fresh and dry mass of shoots and roots, number of leaves, and leaf yield. In addition, the calculated doses of inoculation with A. brasilense increased the accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, and Zn in shoots and roots, except the accumulation of Ca in roots. It also increased cell membrane integrity index (15%), relative water content (13%), net photosynthesis rate (85%), intracellular CO2 concentration (15%), total chlorophyll (46%), stomatal conductance (56%), transpiration (15%), and water use efficiency (59%). Hence, inoculation with A. brasilense at doses between 20 and 44 mL 100 L−1 is considered the best approach for increasing the growth, yield, accumulation of nutrients, and gas exchange of hydroponically grown iceberg lettuce.
Funder
São Paulo Research Foundation Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Reference47 articles.
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