Pitfalls of the Semi-Quantitative Analyzing 99mTc-Pyrophosphate Planar Images for Diagnosing Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Possible Solution

Abstract

Background: Two different approaches, 1-h heart-to-contralateral (H/CL) ratio and 3-h visual grading scale relative to ribs (VGSr), have been established to interpret 99mTc-PYP planar images for the detection of amyloid transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA). Since they are prone to pitfalls, this pilot study aimed to explore the diagnostic practicality of the 3-h visual grading scale relative to the upper segment of sternum (VGSs) approach for interpreting 99mTc-PYP planar images. Methods: A total of 42 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. SPECT/CT approach and planar approaches including H/CL ratio, VGSr, and VGSs were utilized to interpret the 99mTc-PYP images obtained at both 1 and 3 h. The classification criteria of the latest expert consensus recommendations were considered as the gold standard. The concordance between the interpretation of each approach and the gold standard was investigated. Results: In addition to 1- and 3-h SPECT/CT approaches, the interpretation of planar images using the 3-h VGSs approach was also applicable, which turns identical to the gold standard (κ = 1.000; p < 0.001). Conclusions: For the interpretation of 99mTc-PYP planar images, the 3-h VGSs approach should be the optimal method, particularly in the case without available or feasible tomography imaging. Only one imaging session (planar and SPECT/CT) at 3 h would be sufficient for the detection of ATTR-CA, and favorable for patient satisfaction.