Phytocompounds and Regulation of Flavonoids in In Vitro-Grown Safflower Plant Tissue by Abiotic Elicitor CdCl2
-
Published:2024-02-16
Issue:2
Volume:14
Page:127
-
ISSN:2218-1989
-
Container-title:Metabolites
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Metabolites
Author:
Ejaz Bushra1, Mujib Abdul1, Syeed Rukaya1, Mamgain Jyoti1, Malik Moien Qadir1, Birat Kanchan1, Dewir Yaser Hassan2ORCID, Magyar-Tábori Katalin3
Affiliation:
1. Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India 2. Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 3. Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm (IAREF), University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Abstract
In this study, a Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) investigation of embryogenic callus and somatic embryo regenerated shoots of Carthamus tinctorius revealed the presence of a variety of sugars, sugar acids, sugar alcohols, fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids of broad therapeutic value. The in vitro developed inflorescence contained a wide range of active compounds. In embryogenic calluses, important flavonoids like naringenin, myricetin, kaempferol, epicatechin gallate, rutin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and delphinidin were identified. To augment the synthesis of active compounds, the effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) elicitation was tested for various treatments (T1–T4) along with a control (T0). Varying concentrations of CdCl2 [0.05 mM (T1), 0.10 mM (T2), 0.15 mM (T3), and 0.20 mM (T4)] were added to the MS medium, and flavonoid accumulation was quantified through ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy (UHPLC–MS/MS). The flavonoids naringenin, kaempferol, epicatechin gallate, pelargonidin, cyanidin, and delphinidin increased by 6.7-, 1.9-, 3.3-, 2.1-, 1.9-, and 4.4-fold, respectively, at T3, whereas quercetin, myricetin, rutin, and peonidin showed a linear increase with the increase in CdCl2 levels. The impacts of stress markers, i.e., ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), on defense responses in triggering synthesis were also evaluated. The maximum APX and SOD activity was observed at T3, while CAT activity was at its maximum at T2. The impact of elicitor on biochemical attributes like protein, proline, sugar, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was investigated. The maximum protein, proline, and sugar accumulation was noted at high elicitor dose T4, while the maximum MDA content was noted at T3. These elevated levels of biochemical parameters indicated stress in culture, and the amendment of CdCl2 in media thus could be a realistic approach for enhancing secondary metabolite synthesis in safflower.
Funder
University Grant Commission Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard King Saud University
Reference70 articles.
1. Mitra, S., Lami, M.S., Uddin, T.M., Das, R., Islam, F., Anjum, J., Hossain, M.J., and Emran, T.B. (2022). Prospective Multifunctional Roles and Pharmacological Potential of Dietary Flavonoid Narirutin. Biomed. Pharmacother., 150. 2. Ciaramella, B.R., Corinzia, S.A., Cosentino, S.L., and Testa, G. (2022). Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils Using Safflower. Agronomy, 12. 3. Carthami Flos: A Review of Its Ethnopharmacology, Pharmacology and Clinical Applications;Tu;Rev. Bras. Farmacognosia,2015 4. In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant and GC-MS studies on Centratherum punctatum Cass;Sivasubramanian;Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci.,2013 5. Mamgain, J., Mujib, A., Bansal, Y., Gulzar, B., Zafar, N., Syeed, R., Alsughayyir, A., and Dewir, Y.H. (2024). Elicitation Induced α-Amyrin Synthesis in Tylophora indica In Vitro Cultures and Comparative Phytochemical Analyses of In Vivo and Micropropagated Plants. Plants, 13.
|
|