Leaching of Carbon Reinforced Concrete—Part 2: Discussion of Evaluation Concepts and Modelling

Abstract

Possible threats on the environment and human health by the leaching of new building materials and composites in contact to water should be prevented from the outset. It is therefore necessary to assess and ensure their environmental compatibility. For irrigated construction elements this is a challenging task, as there is no general correlation between known testing methods and outdoor emissions. A feasible assessment concept is needed for these conditions. In this work the German assessment method for permanently wet building materials is applied on different carbon reinforced concrete (C3) leaching data. Furthermore, emission prediction approaches of the Dutch building Materials Decree and the software COMLEAM are tested. The established methods are not yet suitable to determine the complex long term outdoor emissions of irrigated C3. In order to achieve realistic results in time saving testing methods and to define reasonable release limits, it is necessary to determine and verify the relevant influencing parameters on leaching through intermittent water contact. This research works out leaching patterns and correlations between inorganic substances. It is shown that the input parameters time of exposure, contact time, air temperature, air humidity, runoff and background concentration should be considered to predict the leaching processes from irrigated concrete phenomenologically.