Prognosis and Health Management (PHM) of Solid-State Batteries: Perspectives, Challenges, and Opportunities

Abstract

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have proven to have the potential to be a proper substitute for conventional lithium-ion batteries due to their promising features. In order for the SSBs to be market-ready, the prognostics and health management (PHM) of battery systems plays a critical role in achieving such a goal. PHM ensures the reliability and availability of batteries during their operational time with acceptable safety margin. In the past two decades, much of the focus has been directed towards the PHM of lithium-ion batteries, while little attention has been given to PHM of solid-state batteries. Hence, this report presents a holistic review of the recent advances and current trends in PHM techniques of solid-state batteries and the associated challenges. For this purpose, notable commonly employed physics-based, data-driven, and hybrid methods are discussed in this report. The goal of this study is to bridge the gap between liquid state and SSBs and present the crucial aspects of SSBs that should be considered in order to have an accurate PHM model. The primary focus is given to the ML-based data-driven methods and the requirements that are needed to be included in the models, including anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials.