The Role of Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Modalities in Cardio-Oncology: From Early Detection to Unravelling Mechanisms of Cardiotoxicity

Author:

Leo Isabella12,Vidula Mahesh34,Bisaccia Giandomenico15ORCID,Procopio Maria Cristina16ORCID,Licordari Roberto17ORCID,Perotto Maria1,La Vecchia Giulia18ORCID,Miaris Nikolaos1ORCID,Bravo Paco E.34ORCID,Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara19

Affiliation:

1. Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK

2. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy

3. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

4. Divisions of Nuclear Medicine and Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

5. Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy

6. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy

7. Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy

8. Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy

9. School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK

Abstract

Advances in cancer therapies have led to a global improvement in patient survival rates. Nevertheless, the price to pay is a concomitant increase in cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in this population. Increased inflammation and disturbances of the immune system are shared by both cancer and CV diseases. Immunological effects of anti-cancer treatments occur with both conventional chemotherapy and, to a greater extent, with novel biological therapies such as immunotherapy. For these reasons, there is growing interest in the immune system and its potential role at the molecular level in determining cardiotoxicity. Early recognition of these detrimental effects could help in identifying patients at risk and improve their oncological management. Non-invasive imaging already plays a key role in evaluating baseline CV risk and in detecting even subclinical cardiac dysfunction during surveillance. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of advanced cardiovascular imaging techniques in the detection and management of cardiovascular complications related to cancer treatment.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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