Framework for Building Low-Cost OBD-II Data-Logging Systems for Battery Electric Vehicles

Abstract

With the electrification of transport (BEVs) and the growing benefits of smart vehicles, there is a need for a simple solution to perform real-time monitoring of the BEV and its battery for diagnostics and coordinated charging. The On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) system, originally designed for internal combustion engine cars (ICE), can be used to extract the necessary BEV data. This paper presents a developed framework for a low-cost solution to online monitoring of BEVs. A Raspberry Pi Zero W, along with other auxiliary components, was installed in two Hyundai Ioniq Battery Electric cars to communicate with the vehicles via the OBD-II port. A python script was developed to periodically request the vehicle data by sending various Parameter IDs to the vehicles and storing the raw response data. A web server was created to process the hexadecimal encoded data and visualize the data on a dashboard. The key parameters, such as the battery state of health (SOH), state of charge (SOC), battery temperature, cell voltages and cumulative energy consumption, were successfully captured and recorded, which can now facilitate trending for battery diagnostics and future integration with smart chargers for coordinated charging.