1. Heterosigma akashiwo morphology, ultrastructure and taxonomy of the Raphidophycean alga Heterosgima akashwio;Hara;Bot. Mag. Tokyo,1987
2. Taylor, F.J.R., and Haigh, R. (1993). Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea, Elsevier.
3. Smayda, T.J. (2023, January 22). Harmful Algal Bloom Communities in Scottish Coastal Waters: Relationship to Fish Farming and Regional Comparisons—A Review Paper 2006/3. Scottish Executive, Scottish Environmental Protection Agency SEPA, Available online: https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20160122225400/http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2006/02/03095327/16.
4. First record of a Heterosigma (Raphidophyceae) bloom with associated mortality of cage-reared salmon in Big Glory Bay, New Zealand;Chang;N. Z. J. Mar. Freshw. Res.,1990
5. Heterosigma akashiwo in central California waters;Silver;Harmful Algae,2006