Lipid Peroxidation as the Mechanism Underlying Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Sunlight Synergistic Toxicity in Dermal Fibroblasts

Author:

Larnac Eloïse12ORCID,Montoni Alicia12,Haydont Valérie3,Marrot Laurent3,Rochette Patrick J.124ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada

2. Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale, Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada

3. Advanced Research, L’OREAL Research & Innovation, 93600 Aulnay-Sous-Bois, France

4. Département d’Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada

Abstract

Light and atmospheric pollution are both independently implicated in cancer induction and premature aging. Evidence has been growing more recently on the toxic synergy between light and pollutants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) originate from the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Some PAHs, such as the Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), absorb ultraviolet A (UVA) wavelengths and can act as exogenous chromophores, leading to synergistic toxicity through DNA damage and cytotoxicity concomitant to ROS formation. In this study, we shed light on the mechanism underlying the toxic synergy between PAHs and UVA. Using dermal fibroblasts co-exposed to UVA and BaP, we have demonstrated that the photosensitization reaction causes mortality, which is most likely caused by ROS accumulation. We have shown that these ROS are concentrated in the lipids, which causes an important induction of lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde, by-products of lipid peroxidation. We have also shown the accumulation of bulky DNA damage, most likely generated by these by-products of lipid peroxidation. To our knowledge, this study represents the first one depicting the molecular effects of photo-pollution on dermal skin.

Funder

L’OREAL

Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Santé

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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