Fundamental Study of Premixed Methane Air Combustion in Extreme Turbulent Conditions Using PIV and C-X CH PLIF

Abstract

This paper presents the flow and flame characteristics of a highly turbulent reactive flow over a backward-facing step inside a windowed combustor. Flow and combustion experiments were performed at Re = 15,000 and Re = 30,000 using high-resolution 10 kHz PIV and 10 kHz PLIF diagnostic techniques. Grid turbulators (Grid) with two different hole diameters (HD of 1.5 mm and 3 mm) and blockage ratios (BR of 46%, 48%, 62%, and 63%) were considered for the turbulence study. Grids introduced different turbulent length scales (LT) in the flow, causing the small eddies and turbulence intensity to increase downstream. The backward-facing step increased the turbulence level in the recirculation zone. This helped to anchor the flame in that zone. The small HD grids (Grids 1 and 3) produced continuous fluid structures (small-scale), whereas the larger HD grids (Grids 2 and 4) produced large-scale fluid structures. Consequently, the velocity fluctuation was lower (~25.6 m/s) under small HD grids and higher (~27.7 m/s) under large HD grids. The flame study was performed at Φ = 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 using C-X CH PLIF. An Adaptive MATLAB-based flame imaging scheme has been developed for turbulent reacting flows. Grids 1 and 3 induced more wrinkles in the flame due to higher thermal instabilities, pressure fluctuation, and diffusion under those grids. The flamelet breakdown and burnout events were higher under Grids 2 and 4 due to higher thermal diffusivity and a slower diffusion rate. It was observed that the flame wrinkling and flame stretching are higher at Re = 30,000 compared to Re = 15,000. The Borghi–Peters diagram showed that the flames were within the thin reaction zone except for Grid 1 at Re = 15,000, where flames fell in the corrugated zone. It was observed from PIV and PLIF analyses that Re and LT mostly controlled the flame and flow characteristics.