Clinical and Molecular Features of Morpheaform Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Author:

Conte Santina1ORCID,Ghezelbash Sarah23,Nallanathan Bonika23,Lefrançois Philippe2345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada

2. Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada

3. Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada

4. Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada

5. Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, with a lifetime risk currently approaching up to 40% in Caucasians. Among these, some clinical and pathological BCC variants pose a higher risk due to their more aggressive biological behavior. Morpheaform BCC (morBCC), also known as sclerosing, fibrosing, or morpheic BCC, represents up to 5–10% of all BCC. Overall, morBCC carries a poorer prognosis due to late presentation, local tissue destruction, tumor recurrence, and higher frequency of metastasis. In this systematic review, we review the epidemiological, clinical, morphological, dermatoscopical, and molecular features of morBCC. After the title and abstract screening of 222 studies and the full-text review of 84 studies, a total of 54 studies met the inclusion criteria and were thus included in this review.

Funder

Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research

Jewish General Hospital Foundation

Jewish General Hospital Department of Medicine

Fonds de recherche du Québec—Santé

Marathon of Hope Cancer Centre Network—Terry Fox Research Institute

Montreal Dermatology Research Institute

Canadian Dermatology Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Health Research

Cancer Research Society of Canada

Publisher

MDPI AG

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