Reviewing the Potential of Algae Species as a Green Alternative to Produce Nanoparticles: Findings from a Database Analysis

Abstract

Nanotechnology has seen increased research and implementation in recent decades in numerous applications. Based on the information in the papers, we built a database that included algae species used, biomass pre-processing, main precursors, solvents, production approaches, final size, and possible uses. An analysis of this data revealed a great diversity of algae species investigated for this purpose (68 species of algae and 45 families). The analysis of the strategy plot shows that there are four clusters of themes that are different from each other. Still, some patterns are recognizable, e.g., the general cluster with general methodologies and concepts is in the intersection zone. The second cluster is related to the use of macroalgae, which has had a strong development in the past, but now seems to be less attractive, and the third cluster is on the use of nanoparticles to control bacteria, which seems to be a topic that, although not currently driving the field, could become a major driver if current trends continue. New technological developments should be expected in the near future as NPs synthesis from green renewable sources such as algae poses an alternative to the traditional means in the coming years.