Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia: Multiple Clinical Presentations of a Genetically Determined Disease

Abstract

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare, inherited heart rhythm disorder that is caused by variants in genes responsible for cardiac calcium homeostasis. The aim of this study was to analyze different genotype-specific clinical manifestations of this disease. Methods and Results: We analyzed five CPVT cases from our institution in the context of specific patient characteristics and genotype–phenotype correlations. In this cohort, three of the index patients were male. The median age at diagnosis was 11 (11–30) years, and median age at disease onset was 12 (12–33) years. Four index patients suffered from syncope, while one female index patient suffered from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Two index patients experienced concomitant atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Three patients received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and one patient received an event recorder. All index patients had causative genetic variants in the RYR2-gene. Conclusions: This study presents various phenotypic presentations of patients with CPVT harboring different pathogenic variants in the RYR2 gene, some of which have not previously been described in published studies. Syncope was the most prevalent symptom on admission. Adjustment of beta-blocker therapy may be necessary due to side effects. Moreover, our work further highlights the common occurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias in these patients.