Treatment of Four Stored-Grain Pests with Thiamethoxam plus Chlorantraniliprole: Enhanced Impact on Different Types of Grain Commodities and Surfaces
Author:
Wakil Waqas12ORCID, Kavallieratos Nickolas G.3ORCID, Eleftheriadou Nikoleta3ORCID, Sami Ullah Muhammad1, Naeem Aqsa1, Rasool Khawaja G.4, Husain Mureed4ORCID, Aldawood Abdulrahman S.4ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan 2. Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany 3. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece 4. Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
An insecticide containing the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam + the diamide chlorantraniliprole was evaluated against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum, Trogoderma granarium, and Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory bioassays both on freshly treated grain as well as on treated grain stored over 90 days for its persistence in efficacy. In laboratory bioassays, the insecticide was applied on wheat, maize, or rice at four doses, while in persistence bioassays on wheat at the same doses. Mortality and progeny were assessed in both laboratory and persistence bioassays. After 14 days of exposure, S. oryzae exhibited 100% mortality on all three commodities at the highest dose, while R. dominica showed complete mortality on wheat or rice and T. castaneum on wheat. For a period of 90 days, S. oryzae exhibited 42.69% mortality, followed by R. dominica (35.26%), T. castaneum (27.08%), and T. granarium (18.63%) at the highest dose. Progeny was successfully suppressed in all cases of complete mortality in laboratory bioassays and for S. oryzae for 90 days in persistence bioassays. Laboratory trials were also performed on plywood, concrete, ceramic tile, and steel at one dose. The highest mortality was observed on steel, followed by concrete, ceramic tile, and plywood for all insect species tested. This study demonstrates that thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole is effective against the tested species depending on exposure, storage period, surface, commodity, and dose.
Funder
Pakistan Agricultural Research Council
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