Evolutionary Characteristics of Industrial Parks from a Carbon Neutrality Perspective

Abstract

Industrial park (IP) development has passed through many stages, and the development evolution pathways of IPs have different characteristics according to different perspectives. Understanding the evolutionary characteristics of IPs will assist us in understanding their essential developmental trajectories. Achieving carbon neutrality in IPs is important for combating climate change. In order to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of IPs from a carbon neutrality perspective, this study examines the Kalundborg eco-industrial park by dividing its development into three stages. We also quantitatively analyze this evolution based on enterprise connectance and enterprise repetitive connectance. We then analyze the evolutionary characteristics at the national level by using China and South Korea as examples. The results showed that the development trajectories of IPs had spontaneous and conscious characteristics. Compared with the spontaneous stage, enterprise connectance and enterprise repetitive connectance were obviously higher during the conscious stage. This article contributes to our understanding of the nature of IP development from a carbon neutrality perspective.