Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment with Giant Retinal Tear: Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract

Background/Objectives: This paper reviews three cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with giant retinal tear (GRT), focusing on surgical management and outcomes, and synthesizes the current literature on the subject. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed three cases of male patients diagnosed with RRD with GRT at our hospital from April 2022 to November 2023. The patients, aged 57, 66, and 60, underwent surgical interventions, with postoperative follow-up extending up to six months. All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), endolaser photocoagulation, fluid–air exchange, and intravitreal gas injection (perfluoropropane (C3F8) 14%) in each case. Surgeries were performed within four days of the patients’ initial visits. Outcome measures included visual acuity improvement, intraocular pressure stabilization, and retinal reattachment rates. Complications in the patients were also evaluated. Results: The patient who had not previously undergone cataract surgery (Case 1) had it concurrently with the retinal surgery. Four months after the initial surgery, Case 3 developed a secondary epiretinal membrane (ERM) and subsequently underwent ERM removal surgery. Postoperative care involved the tailored use of anti-inflammatory medications and frequent monitoring to mitigate complications such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy, epiretinal membrane formation, and redetachment. Conclusions: While limited by the small sample size, this report underscores the potential benefits of prompt surgical intervention, meticulous postoperative care, and proactive management of complications in RRD with GRT. Insights from these cases, supported by multiple literature reviews, may inform treatment strategies and highlight areas for further research in larger, more diverse patient populations.