Studies on PVP-Based Hydrogel Polymers as Dressing Materials with Prolonged Anticancer Drug Delivery Function

Abstract

Tamoxifen is a well-known active substance with anticancer activity. Currently, many investigations are performed on the development of carriers that provide its effective delivery. Particular attention is directed toward the formation of cyclodextrin–drug complexes to provide prolonged drug delivery. According to our knowledge, carriers in the form of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/gelatin-based hydrogels incorporated with β-cyclodextrin–tamoxifen complexes and additionally modified with nanogold have not been presented in the literature. In this work, two series of these materials have been synthesized—with tamoxifen and with its complex with β-cyclodextrin. The process of obtaining drug carrier systems consisted of several stages. Firstly, the nanogold suspension was obtained. Next, the hydrogels were prepared via photopolymerization. The size, dispersity and optical properties of nanogold as well as the swelling properties of hydrogels, their behavior in simulated physiological liquids and the impact of these liquids on their chemical structure were verified. The release profiles of tamoxifen from composites were also determined. The developed materials showed swelling capacity, stability in tested environments that did not affect their structure, and the ability to release drugs, while the release process was much more effective in acidic conditions than in alkaline ones. This is a benefit considering their use for anticancer drug delivery, due to the fact that near cancer cells, there is an acidic environment. In the case of the composites containing the drug–β-cyclodextrin complex, a prolonged release process was achieved compared to the drug release from materials with unbound tamoxifen. In terms of the properties and the composition, the developed materials show a great application potential as drug carriers, in particular as carriers of anticancer drugs such as tamoxifen.