Ultrasonic-Assisted Deposition Method for Creating Conductive Wrinkles on PDMS Surfaces

Abstract

Harnessing surface wrinkle surfaces in various functional devices has been a hot topic. However, rapidly creating wrinkled surfaces on elastomers of arbitrary shape (especially curved surfaces) is still a great challenge. In this work, an ultrasonic-assisted deposition method has been proposed to achieve nanomodification of the robust layer (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs)) with a labyrinth wrinkle pattern on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber, sheet, and porous sponge. It is found that the swelling effect of the dispersion and the ultrasonic treatment play vital roles in the surface wrinkling. As a demonstration, the conductive wrinkled CNTs@PDMS fibers were assembled as stretchable strain sensors. The initial conductivity and the strain-sensing performances could be well tuned by simply adjusting the ultrasonic treatment time. The wrinkled CNTs@PDMS fiber strain sensor exhibited remarkable stretchability (ca. 300%) and good sensitivity, which can be applied in various human motion detection, voice recognition, and air-flow monitoring. It is also expected that the facile ultrasonic-assisted deposition method for surface wrinkling can be extended to fabricate various smart devices with promoted performances.