Identification of Orbivirus Non-Structural Protein 5 (NS5), Its Role and Interaction with RNA/DNA in Infected Cells

Author:

Mohd Jaafar Fauziah1ORCID,Monsion Baptiste1ORCID,Mertens Peter P. C.2ORCID,Attoui Houssam1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. UMR1161 VIROLOGIE, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France

2. One Virology, The Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK

Abstract

Bioinformatic analyses have predicted that orbiviruses encode an additional, small non-structural protein (NS5) from a secondary open reading frame on genome segment 10. However, this protein has not previously been detected in infected mammalian or insect cells. NS5-specific antibodies were generated in mice and were used to identify NS5 synthesised in orbivirus-infected BSR cells or cells transfected with NS5 expression plasmids. Confocal microscopy shows that although NS5 accumulates in the nucleus, particularly in the nucleolus, which becomes disrupted, it also appears in the cell cytoplasm, co-localising with mitochondria. NS5 helps to prevent the degradation of ribosomal RNAs during infection and reduces host-cell protein synthesis However, it helps to extend cell viability by supporting viral protein synthesis and virus replication. Pulldown studies showed that NS5 binds to ssRNAs and supercoiled DNAs and demonstrates interactions with ZBP1, suggesting that it modulates host-cell responses.

Funder

European Commission’s H2020 PALE Blu Project

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

Reference84 articles.

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