Study of Optimal Conditions to Grow Thai Ganoderma, Fruiting Test, Proximate and Their Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

Author:

Wannasawang Naruemon1,Luangharn Thatsanee1ORCID,Thawthong Anan12,Charoensup Rawiwan34ORCID,Jaidee Wuttichai4,Tongdeesoontorn Wirongrong56ORCID,Hyde Kevin D.1,Thongklang Naritsada12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

2. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

3. School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

4. Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

5. School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

6. Research Group of Innovative Food Packaging and Biomaterials, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

Abstract

Ganoderma (Ganodermataceae) has a worldwide distribution and has been widely used in traditional medicines. In this study, we report wild strains of Ganoderma that include two G. sichuanense and one G. orbiforme from northern Thailand. Optimal conditions for mycelium growth were ensured. The most favourable medium was potato sucrose agar for G. sichuanense and oatmeal agar for G. orbiforme and at 25 °C and 30 °C and pH 4–8. All types of cereal grains can be used to promote the growth of the mycelia of Ganoderma species. Fruiting tests were performed. All strains of Ganoderma produce fruiting bodies successfully in bag culture at 28 ± 1 °C with 75–85% relative humidity. Only G. orbiforme produced fruiting bodies in field cultivation at the laboratory scale. In the first flush yields, the G. sichuanense strain MFLUCC 22-0064 gave better production (the B.E was 152.35 ± 6.98 g). This study is the first to document the bag and field cultivation of wild Thai G. orbiforme. Ganoderma species are revealed to contain high amounts of fiber (47.90–52.45% d.b.), protein (12.80–14.67% d.b.), fat (4.90–5.70% d.b.), and carbohydrates (3.16–4.02% d.b.). Additionally, G. sichuanense and G. orbiforme were preliminarily screened for biological activity for inhibition of alpha–glucosidase enzyme activity. The IC50 values of G. orbiforme (MFLUCC 22-0066) was 105.97 ± 1.36 µg/mL and G. sichuanense (MFLUCC 22-0064) was 126.94 ± 0.87 µg/mL. Both strains had better inhibition than acarbose (168.18 ± 0.89 µM). These results on wild strains of Ganoderma will be useful for further studies on the applications of Ganoderma. Later the species can be introduced to domestic markets for cultivation and medicinal use.

Funder

Mae Fah Luang University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Paleontology,Space and Planetary Science,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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