Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PRL-3: A Key Player in Cancer Signaling

Author:

Liu Haidong12,Li Xiao3,Shi Yin4,Ye Zu1256,Cheng Xiangdong1256

Affiliation:

1. Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China

2. Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China

3. The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China

4. Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China

5. Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China

6. Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China

Abstract

Protein phosphatases are primarily responsible for dephosphorylation modification within signal transduction pathways. Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is a dual-specific phosphatase implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Understanding PRL-3’s intricate functions and developing targeted therapies is crucial for advancing cancer treatment. This review highlights its regulatory mechanisms, expression patterns, and multifaceted roles in cancer progression. PRL-3’s involvement in proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance is discussed. Regulatory mechanisms encompass transcriptional control, alternative splicing, and post-translational modifications. PRL-3 exhibits selective expressions in specific cancer types, making it a potential target for therapy. Despite advances in small molecule inhibitors, further research is needed for clinical application. PRL-3-zumab, a humanized antibody, shows promise in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Our review summarizes the current understanding of the cancer-related cellular function of PRL-3, its prognostic value, and the research progress of therapeutic inhibitors.

Funder

Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province

Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China

Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Program

Publisher

MDPI AG

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