Anti-Inflammatory Protein Isolated from Tamarind Promotes Better Histological Aspects in the Intestine Regardless of the Improvement of Intestinal Permeability in a Preclinical Study of Diet-Induced Obesity
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Published:2022-11-04
Issue:21
Volume:14
Page:4669
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ISSN:2072-6643
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Container-title:Nutrients
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutrients
Author:
Lima Mayara S. R.,
Gonçalves CatarinaORCID,
Neto Mafalda D.ORCID,
Macedo Maria Helena,
Queiroz Jaluza L. C. de,
da Silva Valéria C.,
Costa Izael de S.,
Camillo Christina da S.,
Santos Pedro Paulo de A.,
Lima Aldo A. M.,
Pastrana LorenzoORCID,
Maciel Bruna L. L.,
Morais Ana Heloneida A.ORCID
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic and physiological effects in the gut. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI) in vitro (interaction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibitory activity against human neutrophil elastase (HNE)), and using intestinal co-cultures of Caco-2:HT29-MTX cell lines inflamed with TNF-α (50 ng/mL) and a Wistar rat model of diet-induced obesity (n = 15). TTI was administered to animals by gavage (10 days), and the treated group (25 mg/kg/day) was compared to animals without treatment or treated with a nutritionally adequate diet. In the in vitro study, it showed inhibitory activity against HNE (93%). In co-cultures, there was no protection or recovery of the integrity of inflamed cell monolayers treated with TTI (1.0 mg/mL). In animals, TTI led to lower plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6, total leukocytes, fasting glucose, and LDL-c (p < 0.05). The intestines demonstrated a lower degree of chronic enteritis, greater preservation of the submucosa, and greater intestinal wall thickness than the other groups (p = 0.042). Therefore, the better appearance of the intestine not reflected in the intestinal permeability added to the in vitro activity against HNE point to possibilities for new studies and applications related to this activity.
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientítico e Tecnológico
SbDtoolBox—Nanotechnology-based tools and tests for Safer-by-Design nanomaterials
North-Regional Operational Programme
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics