Affiliation:
1. College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
2. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
3. Arongqi Water Resources Bureau, Arongqi 162750, China
4. Zhalantun City Water Resources Bureau, Zhalantun 162650, China
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
6. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
Abstract
The Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains (GKM and LKM), together form one of the main resources of the terrestrial natural ecosystem in northeast Asia and play a crucial role in climate regulation and soil and water conservation due to their distinctive geographical features and abundant vegetation cover. Nonetheless, the morphology and distribution of gullies in the two study areas remain unclear. This study focused on an investigation area of approximately 100 km2 within the forest areas of the GKM and LKM, where field measurements were conducted to record and analyze the morphological characteristics of the gullies. The study also explored the impact of slope and the aspects of gully development and established a gully volume estimation model in the study area. The findings indicate the following. Firstly, that the proportions of gullies with a length of 200–1000 m, a width of 2–6 m and a depth of 1–2 is 59.4%, 51.3% and 45.9%, respectively in the GKM, and 42.5%, 75.7% and 56%, respectively in the LKM. The measured gully density in the GKM was 0.3 gullies per km2, with an average length, width, and depth of 524.4 m, 2.4 m, and 1.0 m, respectively. In contrast, the measured gully density in the LKM was 0.45 gullies per km2, with an average length, width, and depth of 560.1 m, 3.9 m, and 1.8 m, respectively. Secondly, as the slope increased, the density of gullies and the degree of surface fragmentation gradually decreased. In the measured area of the GKM, gullies developed faster on the semi-sunny slope. However, in the measured area of the LKM, gullies were more evenly distributed across different slopes. A significant power function relationship between the volume and area (V-A) of gullies in the measured areas of the GKM (V = 0.37 A1.11, R2 = 0.94) and LKM (V = 0.32 A1.17, R2 = 0.94) was observed. These findings have important implications for soil conversation in forested areas of the black soil region in Northeast China.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction