Mechanisms of Botulinum Toxin Type A Action on Pain

Author:

Matak ,Bölcskei ,Bach-Rojecky ,Helyes

Abstract

Already a well-established treatment for different autonomic and movement disorders, the use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) in pain conditions is now continuously expanding. Currently, the only approved use of BoNT/A in relation to pain is the treatment of chronic migraines. However, controlled clinical studies show promising results in neuropathic and other chronic pain disorders. In comparison with other conventional and non-conventional analgesic drugs, the greatest advantages of BoNT/A use are its sustained effect after a single application and its safety. Its efficacy in certain therapy-resistant pain conditions is of special importance. Novel results in recent years has led to a better understanding of its actions, although further experimental and clinical research is warranted. Here, we summarize the effects contributing to these advantageous properties of BoNT/A in pain therapy, specific actions along the nociceptive pathway, consequences of its central activities, the molecular mechanisms of actions in neurons, and general pharmacokinetic parameters.

Funder

National Brain Research Program B, EFOP, GINOP, PEPSYS. Experimental work of L.B. and I.M. was supported by Croatian Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology

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