Polyphenolic Profiling of Forestry Waste by UPLC-HDMSE

Abstract

Polyphenols constitute a diverse array of naturally occurring secondary metabolites found in plants which, when consumed, have been shown to promote human health. Greater consumption may therefore aid in the fight against diseases such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, etc. Tree bark is polyphenol-rich and has potential to be used in food supplements. However, it is important to gain insight into the polyphenol profile of different barks to select the material with greatest concentration and diversity. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was coupled with an ion mobility time-of-flight high-definition/high-resolution mass spectrometer (UPLC-HDMSE) to profile ethanol extracts of three common tree barks (Pinus contorta, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur) alongside a commercial reference (Pycnogenol® extracted from Pinus pinaster). Through the use of Progenesis QI informatics software, 35 high scoring components with reported significance to health were tentatively identified across the three bark extracts following broadly the profile of Pycnogenol®. Scots Pine had generally higher compound abundances than in the other two extracts. Oak bark extract showed the lowest abundances but exhibited higher amounts of naringenin and 3-O-methylrosmarinic acid. We conclude that forestry bark waste provides a rich source of extractable polyphenols suitable for use in food supplements and so can valorise this forestry waste stream.