Innovative Postharvest Management for Hass Avocado at the Preclimacteric Stage: A Combined Technology with GABA and 1-MCP

Abstract

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a subtropical climacteric fruit with a limited shelf life due to its high sensitivity to low temperatures. Chilling injury (CI) produced by cold storage displays symptoms in avocado fruit such as irregular ripening, darkening of the mesocarp, hardening of vascular strands, lipid oxidation with “off flavors”, and pitting and darkening of the skin, increasing weight loss. Accordingly, we studied the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) alone or in combination as postharvest treatments to maintain quality and to increase cold tolerance. Hass avocados were stored at 5 °C plus 5 days at room temperature. The results showed that the combined treatment improved fruit quality parameters as compared with control fruit and with those treated with only 1-MCP or GABA. The combined treatment delayed synergistically the postharvest ripening process. This delayed pattern was concomitant with a delayed ethylene pattern in GABA + 1-MCP or 1-MCP fruit batches. CI symptoms and electrolyte leakage were minimized in all GABA and 1-MCP fruit batches specifically in the combined treatment. For this reason, the synergistic effect of the combination of treatments may be recommended as an effective alternative strategy to prolong the postharvest quality of avocado during refrigerated storage.