Combined Column Test for Characterization of Leaching and Transport of Trace Elements in Contaminated Soils

Author:

Skjennum Karen Ane12,French Helen K.23,Carotenuto Pasquale4,Okkenhaug Gudny24

Affiliation:

1. Lindum AS, 3036 Drammen, Norway

2. Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway

3. Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), 1430 Ås, Norway

4. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway

Abstract

Environmental assessments are required prior to remediation and redevelopment of contaminated sites. To date, regulatory guidelines are commonly based on total concentrations. Occasionally, simple leaching procedures are included in environmental assessment. Despite being essential for quantification of contaminant transport, analysis of hydraulic conductivity is rarely considered. Cost-effective methods that reflect both contaminant leaching and hydrogeological properties of contaminated soils are needed to ensure proper soil management. The aim of this study was to simultaneously evaluate contaminant leaching and hydraulic conductivity in soil using a combined column test (CCT) and compare this to the leaching results from batch tests (BT) and transport estimates derived from the empirical Hazen equation. Two soils of different origin were characterized using the CCT. By including physical and chemical factors affecting the release and retention of contaminants, the CCT provides an integrated assessment of leaching and transport of trace elements from soils. Additionally, the effect of soil compaction was investigated as a physical treatment to reduce leaching and transport in contaminated soils. Soil compaction did not demonstrate reduced leaching, but a less extensive contaminant transport was observed due to reduced hydraulic conductivity in the soil.

Funder

EarthresQue Centre for Research Driven Innovation, Rescue of Earth Materials in the Circular Economy

The Research Council of Norway

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Geography, Planning and Development,Biochemistry

Reference44 articles.

1. Pérez, A.P., and Eugenio, N.R. (2018). Status of Local Soil Contamination in Europe, European Comission.

2. World Health Organization (2021). Urban Redevelopment of Contaminated Sites: A Review of Scientific Evidence and Practical Knowledge on Environmental and Health Issues, Regional Office for Europe.

3. Ortega-Calvo, J.J., and Parsons, J.R. (2020). Bioavailability of Organic Chemicals in Soil and Sediment, Springer International Publishing.

4. Miljødirektoratet (The Norwegian Environmental Agency) (2009). Helsebaserte Tilstandsklasser for Forurenset Grunn, Miljødirektoratet.

5. Swartjes, F.A. (2011). Dealing with Contaminated Sites, Springer.

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