The Association between Self-Care Activities and Depression in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study

Author:

Kurdi Sawsan M.1ORCID,Alamer Ahmad2ORCID,Albaggal Aya1,Alsuwaiket Marwa1,Alotaibi Fawaz M.1ORCID,Asiri Ibrahim M.1,Alshayban Dhfer M.1,Alsultan Mohammed M.1ORCID,Alshehail Bashayer1ORCID,Almalki Bassem A.1,Hussein Dania3ORCID,Alotaibi Mansour M.4,Alfayez Osamah M.5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia

2. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia

4. Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51911, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study examined the level of adherence to self-care behaviors among individuals with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia and its connection with depression and demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among diabetes patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) to evaluate diabetes self-care activities. Among the 252 participants who completed the survey, 43.2% were older than 55 and 59% were men. The ordinal regression model showed an association between the PHQ-9 and SDSCA scores with an OR of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.71 to 0.96, p = 0.013). The PHQ-9 score was significantly associated with blood sugar monitoring (OR: 0.90 [95% CI: 0.82 to 0.99, p = 0.003]), exercise (OR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.79 to 0.98, p = 0.002]), and diet (OR: 0.94 [95% CI: 0.85 to 1.03, p = 0.045]). Of all the diabetes-related factors, only a history of hospitalization and receiving diabetes education were found to be associated with improved self-care behaviors. In conclusion, a negative association was found between PHQ-9 scores and the SDSCA mean score and most daily diabetic self-care behavior components.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference36 articles.

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